Ontogeny of the orbicules Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil. (Aquifoliaceae)
Abstract
In this work is described the ontogeny of the orbicules in the anthers of Ilex paraguariensis. Anthers were fixed in glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde, post-fixed in osmium tetroxide and potassium ferricyanide, and embedded in Spurr's low viscosity resin. A modified Thiéry- reaction was used as a standard protocol contrast. The ultrastructural analysis of different stages of the anther development reveals (hat the pro- orbicules are formed in the periplasmic space of inner tangential and radial walls of the tapetal cells, during the tetrad stage. The pro-orbicules have an electron transparent core surrounded by an electrón dense orbicular wall. Later, after the dissolution of the tapetal cell walls, the orbicules grow in a fibrillar glycocalyx in the tapetum surface, on plasma membrane depressions. The orbicules in llex are synthesized in the extracellular medium only and must be homologous to the pollen grain ektexine.